How Can I Tell if My Dog or Cat Has Fleas?

Fleas are one of the most common external parasites that affect both dogs and cats. In this guide, we’ll explain how to identify fleas on your pet, common signs of flea infestations, and how to prevent and treat flea problems effectively. 

What Are Fleas? 

Fleas are tiny, wingless insects that feed on the blood of mammals, including dogs and cats. They can cause severe discomfort for your pets, leading to itching, hair loss, and even health problems like flea allergy dermatitis or anaemia in severe infestations. Fleas can also spread other parasites, like tapeworms, to your pet. 

Signs Your Dog or Cat Has Fleas 

  1. Excessive Scratching and Biting

If your dog or cat is constantly scratching, biting, or licking themselves, it could be a sign of flea infestation. Fleas cause intense itching because their saliva irritates your pet’s skin.  

  1. Flea Dirt

One of the easiest ways to confirm a flea infestation is by checking for “flea dirt.” Flea dirt is the flea’s excrement, which looks like small black specks that resemble pepper. To check for flea dirt, brush your pet’s fur over a damp piece of white paper or cloth. If the specks turn reddish-brown when dampened, it’s flea dirt, indicating the presence of fleas. 

  1. Visible Fleas

While fleas are tiny, you can often see them jumping on your pet’s skin or fur, especially around the neck, belly, and base of the tail. You may also see them moving quickly through the fur, especially in areas with less hair. 

  1. Hair Loss

Severe flea infestations can cause hair loss (alopecia) due to constant scratching or biting. Pets may also develop bald spots or thin fur, particularly around the neck, back, and tail. 

  1. Red or Inflamed Skin

The intense itching caused by fleas can lead to red, inflamed, or even scabbed skin. You may notice your pet’s skin becoming irritated or raw in areas where they have been scratching or biting. 

  1. 6. Restlessness or Changes in Behaviour

Pets with fleas may appear restless or uncomfortable. They may constantly try to scratch, bite, or groom themselves. If you notice your pet becoming more irritable or fidgety than usual, it could be due to the irritation caused by fleas. 

How to Check for Fleas on Your Dog or Cat 

  • Check the Fur: Part your pet’s fur with your fingers to check close to the skin. Fleas tend to gather near warm areas such as the back, belly, and base of the tail. 
  • Look for Flea Dirt: As mentioned earlier, flea dirt is a clear indicator of fleas. It’s often visible around your pet’s neck and behind their ears. 
  • Use a Flea Comb: A flea comb can help trap fleas and flea dirt, which makes it easier to see them. Comb through your pet’s fur and examine the comb for any signs of fleas. 

What to Do If You Think Your Pet Has Fleas 

If you suspect your dog or cat has fleas, it’s essential to take action quickly. Fleas can cause significant discomfort, and their infestation can lead to serious health problems for your pet. 

  • Consult your vet: If you’re unsure whether your pet has fleas or if you’re dealing with a severe infestation, consult your vet. They can help identify the problem and recommend treatment options. 
  • Flea Treatments: There are many effective flea treatments available.  Your vet can recommend the best flea treatment for your pet’s age, weight, and health status. 
  • Flea Prevention: Prevention is key! Use regular flea preventatives as recommended by your vet. Additionally, vacuum your home frequently, wash your pet’s bedding, and treat your home with flea sprays to ensure fleas are eliminated from the environment. 

Flea Prevention for Dogs and Cats 

  • Regular Flea Treatments: Ensure your pet receives year-round flea prevention treatments. 
  • Keep Your Home Clean: Regularly vacuum floors, carpets, and furniture to remove flea eggs, larvae, and adults. Wash your pet’s bedding, toys, and grooming tools frequently. 
  • Consult Your Vet for Guidance: Talk to your vet about the best flea prevention and treatment strategies for your pet.